The hospital patient room of the future is on display—and in use—in Princeton, New Jersey, USA, providing lessons that stand to benefit hospitals and patients nationwide. Princeton HealthCare System (PHCS) is building a new hospital in Plainsboro, New Jersey, to replace its present downtown Princeton hospital. PHCS has taken the extraordinary step of building, in its existing facility, a fully functioning replica of a patient room planned for the future hospital.
In coming months, the “mock patient room” at University Medical Center at Princeton will be put to the test with actual patients to determine how the overall configuration of a hospital room—as well as countless details relating to types and placement of materials, equipment and furnishings—can improve patient safety and comfort, health outcomes and the efficient delivery of health care. Researchers at PHCS will study how a room’s design impacts events such as medication errors, hospital-acquired infections, patient slips and falls, as well as the satisfaction of patients, families, hospital staff and physicians.
Funded by RWJF
The answers will not only influence how rooms are built at the new hospital—University Medical Center of Princeton at Plainsboro—it may also prompt rethinking of hospital-room design nationally. Funded by a $2.8 million research grant by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the Model Patient Room initiative is part of The Pebble Project, a program of the national Center for Healthcare Design that promotes research on how the physical spaces of a hospital contribute to patient healing and improved health care efficiency.
While mockups of new hospital rooms have been built before, it is extremely unusual— if not unprecedented—for such a mockup to be built within an existing hospital, used by actual patients and studied as part of a carefully designed research program. Constructed on a busy patient floor, side by side with more traditional hospital rooms, the mock patient room at PHCS is allowing for real-time research in real-life conditions, while its performance is compared with the performance of existing rooms.
The room, as it is now designed and equipped, is the product of more than a year of preliminary research. The room took shape in its first phase with foam core slabs that could be easily moved to identify the optimal configurations for the walls, bathroom, bed and major room furnishings. Ideas and experimentation in the placement of equipment and supplies soon followed.
This preliminary phase produced a number of innovations and refinements that have been incorporated in the completed mockup, says Susan G. Lorenz, DrNP, RN, vice president of patient care services for PHCS, who is leading the research project.
Fall prevention
Patient falls and fall-related injuries are a serious problem in all hospitals, and research shows that they often take place as people attempt to move themselves to and from their bathroom. In response, the mock patient room has been designed with the bed near the bathroom and along the same wall, and with a touch-sensitive handrail connecting them that lights up when patients take hold of it.
Health information technology is also being closely studied in the mock patient room to encourage greater use of bedside computers and tablet devices that allow doctors and nurses to conduct charting activities in the presence of the patient, rather than at a computer terminal in a corridor or nurses’ station.
“We’re seeking specific design solutions for common clinical problems and issues, as well as ideas and innovations that promote relaxation and healing, and make the experience of being in a hospital easier on patients and families,” says Lorenz. “This room provides an unprecedented opportunity for Princeton HealthCare System to play an important role in improving clinical outcomes, patient safety and satisfaction, and caregiver efficiency. This information will be of service in our own hospital and in others that will learn from our research.”
Interactive learning laboratory
“This room is an interactive learning laboratory for testing, refining and discovering ideas that will benefit patients and improve the efficient delivery of health care,” says Barry Rabner, president and CEO of Princeton HealthCare System. “What we learn from this project will not only be of use to our hospital, but to others who are in the process of building or renovating hospitals.”
The lessons could spread quickly, as U.S. hospitals continue to build an astonishing amount of new infrastructure as they expand and renovate aging facilities. Construction spending for health care projects has remained at historically high levels despite the economic downturn, approaching $50 billion in 2009, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Analysts expect construction spending to top $60 billion by 2013.
PHCS’s new $447 million hospital is being constructed about three miles from University Medical Center at Princeton, which it will replace when it opens in early 2012. RNL
